Diagnosis, Risk-Stratification, Management Updates in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
An overview of the diagnosis and management of MDS, including recent treatment, was discussed in a paper published in the American Journal of Hematology.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES
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PARP Inhibition Associated With Increased Risk for Secondary MDS, AML
Investigators estimated the risk for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) related to PARP inhibition.
Greater KIAA0125 Expression Is Poor Prognostic Factor for Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, long noncoding RNA KIAA0125 may predict poorer overall survival and leukemia-free survival.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combination Therapy Promising for AML, MDS
Researchers reviewed the challenges and future developments in ICI combination therapies for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.
Simple Flow-Based Prognostic Score Developed for Patients With MDS
Although other flow cytometry–based prognostic scores have been proposed in the setting of MDS, their complexity has limited their clinical use.
Posttransplant Azacitidine for High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome
There may be no relapse-free survival or overall survival benefits with posttransplant azaciditine in patients with high-risk AML or MDS.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Gene Expression Signatures May Predict Response to Azacitidine
Among some patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, gene expression signatures appear to be predictive of response and primary resistance to azacitidine.
Adherence to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation to Improve Survival in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
With the exception of alloSCT and iron chelation therapy, many guideline treatments may not improve survival among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Benefits of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Advanced Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Researchers studied survival in reduced-intensity conditioning HSCT vs non-HSCT approaches for older, transplantation-eligible patients with advanced MDS.
Imetelstat Shows Efficacy in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome
The first-in-class imetelstat demonstrated clinically meaningful red blood cell transfusion independence rates in lower-risk MDS, according to results of a phase 2 trial.
Survival Benefit of GVHD in MDS Is Limited to Specific Patient Subgroup
A graft-vs-MDS effect of graft-vs-host disease has been observed for some patients with acute leukemia post-HSCT, but has been less well studied in those with MDS.
Prevalence of Iron Toxicity in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Researchers aimed to determine iron and oxidative stress characteristics and their effects on survival in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome.
Quercetin May Induce Autophagy in Myelodysplastic Bone Marrow, Mouse Model Suggests
A study with murine models suggests that quercetin may induce autophagy in myelodysplastic bone marrow among patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Effects of 5-Azacitidine Dose Changes With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
For patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, 5-azacitidine treatment delays showed some links to outcomes, while dose reductions had less impact.
Personalized Prediction Model for Outcomes After Allogeneic HSCT for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
As transplantation-related complications are high among patients with MDS, determining which patients will benefit from HSCT is essential.
Premyelodysplastic Syndrome Blood Kinetics Linked to Survival, Disease Risk
Premyelodysplastic syndrome blood kinetics are linked to both disease risk and overall survival.
Inqovi, an Oral Therapy for Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Gets FDA Approval
The administration of cedazuridine with decitabine prevents the degradation of decitabine by CDA in the gastrointestinal tract and liver increasing its systemic exposure.
Novel Therapies Needed: Poor Prognosis of Patients With TP53-Mutated Myeloid Malignancies
Novel treatment options are needed to improve outcomes for patients with TP53-mutated myeloid neoplasms.
Prognostic Value of Immunomodulator in Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes Treated With Azacitidine
Immunomodulator indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase may be a promising predictor and therapeutic target for patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes.
SF3B1 Mutation in Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance Strongly Linked to Myelodysplastic Syndrome Development
Given the prevalence, the IWG-PM evaluated available evidence to determine whether SF3B1-mutated MDS should be recognized as a distinct disease subtype.
Reduced Transfusion Burden With Luspatercept in Anemia From Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Transfusion independence for at least 8 weeks was observed in 38% of patients receiving luspatercept compared with 13% of patients receiving placebo.
Age Does Not Affect Transplant Outcomes Among Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Rates of nonrelapse mortality and 3-year overall survival were similar between patients 55 to 64 years old and patients 65 years or older who underwent transplantation.
Iron Chelation Therapy May Improve Overall Survival in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether iron chelation therapy leads to improved overall and leukemia-free survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Factors Influencing Survival After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Transfusion dependence, very high-risk cytogenetics, and high serum ferritin were identified as risk factors for death in a multivariable analysis.
An Algorithm for Predicting Resistance to Hypomethylating Agents Using Genomic Biomarkers
Researchers identified 8 combinations of genes that could be used to predict whether a patient will respond to treatment with hypomethylating agents.
Outcomes Based on HSCT Conditioning Regimen for Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Nonmyeloablative conditioning was associated with increased nonrelapse mortality and shorter overall survival compared with reduced-intensity conditioning.
Novel Management Strategies for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Myelodysplastic syndromes display a high degree of heterogeneity, making it difficult to establish a standard of care for patients.
Androgen Therapy in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Can Result in Hematologic Improvement
Patients who received androgen therapy demonstrated improvements in erythroid, platelet, and neutrophil measures.
Prognostic Factors After Second Allogeneic HSCT in Patients With Relapsed Myelodysplastic Syndrome
The rate of 5-year overall survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome who underwent second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was 25.3%.
Immunomodulatory Treatment Approaches for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
A variety of immune pathways mediate the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes, suggesting that the immune system may be a feasible therapeutic target.
Intensive Chemotherapy May Be Beneficial for Younger Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Compared with hypomethylating agents, intensive chemotherapy was associated with higher overall response and complete remission rates.
EBV Reactivation After Transplant Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Patients who experienced reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus also experienced inferior relapse-free survival and increased incidence of relapse.
No Correlation Between SF3B1 Mutation in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Overall Survival
Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis published in Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology indicated there was no association between mutations in SF3B1 and overall survival (OS) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Mutations in the SF3B1 gene are the most common mutations in MDS, though the prognostic implications of these mutations are unclear. In this…
Prolonged-Release Anagrelide May Be Safe and Efficacious Against Thrombocythemia
Prolonged-release administration of anagrelide resulted in a noninferior decrease in mean platelet levels compared with immediate-release administration.
Treating Myelodysplastic Syndrome After Failure of Hypomethylating Agents: Options Remain Limited
There is a pressing need to develop novel therapeutic strategies for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome who are ineligible for transplantation.
Proposed Updates to Treatment Response Criteria for Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes
The current set of standardized treatment response criteria was most recently revised in 2006 and had many shortcomings when applied to clinical trials.
Eltrombopag Plus Azacitidine May Lead to Worse Survival in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Up to 65% of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome experience comorbid thrombocytopenia.
Immunosuppressive Therapy May Predict Improved Survival in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Immunosuppressive therapy is used sparingly due to the operational challenges in administration and prediction of patient benefit.
Mutations After Transplant in Myelodysplastic Syndrome May Correlate With Progressed Disease
The presence of persistent disease-related mutations 30 days after ASCT for myelodysplastic syndrome was associated with higher risk of disease progression.
Myeloablative Conditioning Effective in AML Secondary to MDS/MPN Prior to Allogeneic HCT
In the EBMT ALWP study, researchers sought to determine the efficacy of myeloablative conditioning to reduce the risk for post allogeneic HCT in patients with sAML without significantly increasing non-relapse mortality.
Lurbinectedin a Possible Option for Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome
A phase 1 dose-finding study determined which of 2 lurbinectedin dosing schedules had greater effectiveness and fewer AEs in patients with relapsed/refractory MDS or AML.
MDS, AML a Risk With PARP Inhibitors in BRCA Mutation Carriers
What is the concern behind PARP inhibitors and leukemia?
Alcohol May Reduce Risk of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Smoking may slightly increase the risk for myelodysplastic syndromes, but alcohol consumption may be significantly protective against MDS.
DSP-7888 Granted Orphan Drug Status for Myelodysplastic Syndrome
The US Food and Drug Administration granted orphan drug designation to DSP-7888 for myelodysplastic syndrome.
Reduced-intensity Conditioning for Stem Cell Transplantation Effective in MDS
The results of this study suggest that RIC may be an alternative to MAC, particularly for patients of low cytogenetic risk.
Complex Karyotype, TP53 Mutations Associated With HCT Outcomes in Myelodysplasia
Based on the results of this study, an alternative to HCT should be considered for patients with CK and mutations in TP53 or the RAS pathway.
Blood Test Predicts Stem Cell Transplant Success in Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Blood test combined with medical status information predicts stem cell transplant success in patients with MDS.
Eltrombopag for Lower-risk MDS With Severe Thrombocytopenia
Eltrombopag was well-tolerated, significantly raised platelet counts, and reduced bleeding events among patients with MDS and severe thrombocytopenia.
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